Difference between revisions of "Economics"
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==Definitions== | ==Definitions== | ||
According to [[Principles of Economics by Timothy Taylor (3rd edition)]], | According to [[Principles of Economics by Timothy Taylor (3rd edition)]], | ||
| − | + | :[[Economics]]. The study of production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. | |
==Key concepts== | ==Key concepts== | ||
*[[Economy]]. The social arrangements that determine what is produced, how it is produced, and for whom it is produced. | *[[Economy]]. The social arrangements that determine what is produced, how it is produced, and for whom it is produced. | ||
*[[Market]]. An institution that brings together buyers and sellers of goods or services. | *[[Market]]. An institution that brings together buyers and sellers of goods or services. | ||
| − | *[[Market oriented economy]]. An [[economy]] in which most economic decisions are made by buyers and sellers, who may be individuals or firms. | + | *[[Market-oriented economy]]. An [[economy]] in which most economic decisions are made by buyers and sellers, who may be individuals or firms. |
*[[Command economy]]. An economy in which the government either makes or strongly influences most economic decisions. | *[[Command economy]]. An economy in which the government either makes or strongly influences most economic decisions. | ||
*[[Black market]]. An illegal [[market]] that breaks government rules on prices or sales. | *[[Black market]]. An illegal [[market]] that breaks government rules on prices or sales. | ||
*[[Division of labor]]. Dividing the work required to produce a good or service into tasks performed by different [[worker]]s. | *[[Division of labor]]. Dividing the work required to produce a good or service into tasks performed by different [[worker]]s. | ||
*[[Specialization]]. When a [[worker]] or a firm focus on particular tasks in the overall production process for which they are well-suited. | *[[Specialization]]. When a [[worker]] or a firm focus on particular tasks in the overall production process for which they are well-suited. | ||
| − | *[[ | + | *[[Economy of scale]]. When the average cost of producing each individual unit declines as total output increases. |
*[[Globalization]]. The trend in which buying and selling in markets have increasingly crossed national borders. | *[[Globalization]]. The trend in which buying and selling in markets have increasingly crossed national borders. | ||
*[[Exports]]. Goods and services that are produced domestically and sold in another country. | *[[Exports]]. Goods and services that are produced domestically and sold in another country. | ||
*[[Imports]]. Goods and services produced abroad and sold domestically. | *[[Imports]]. Goods and services produced abroad and sold domestically. | ||
| − | *[[Microeconomics]]. The branch of | + | *[[Microeconomics]]. The branch of ''economics'' that focuses on actions of particular actors within the economy, like households, [[worker]]s, and business firms. |
| − | *[[Macroeconomics]]. The branch of | + | *[[Macroeconomics]]. The branch of ''economics'' that focuses on the [[economy]] as a whole, including issues like growth, unemployment, inflation, and the balance of trade. |
| − | *[[Circular flow diagram]]. A diagram that illustrates the [[economy]] as consisting of households and firms interacting in a goods and services market, a labor market, and a financial capital market. | + | *[[Circular flow diagram]]. A diagram that illustrates the [[economy]] as consisting of households and firms interacting in a goods and services market, a labor market, and a [[financial capital market]]. |
*[[Goods and services market]]. A market in which firms are sellers of what they produce and households are buyers. | *[[Goods and services market]]. A market in which firms are sellers of what they produce and households are buyers. | ||
| − | *[[Labor | + | *[[Labor market]]. The market in which households sell their labor as workers to businesses or other employers. |
| − | *[[Financial | + | *[[Financial capital market]]. The market in which those who save money provide financial capital and receive a rate of return from those who wish to raise money and pay a rate of return. |
==Related lectures== | ==Related lectures== | ||
Latest revision as of 03:48, 6 November 2023
Economics is the study of production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services.
Definitions
According to Principles of Economics by Timothy Taylor (3rd edition),
- Economics. The study of production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services.
Key concepts
- Economy. The social arrangements that determine what is produced, how it is produced, and for whom it is produced.
- Market. An institution that brings together buyers and sellers of goods or services.
- Market-oriented economy. An economy in which most economic decisions are made by buyers and sellers, who may be individuals or firms.
- Command economy. An economy in which the government either makes or strongly influences most economic decisions.
- Black market. An illegal market that breaks government rules on prices or sales.
- Division of labor. Dividing the work required to produce a good or service into tasks performed by different workers.
- Specialization. When a worker or a firm focus on particular tasks in the overall production process for which they are well-suited.
- Economy of scale. When the average cost of producing each individual unit declines as total output increases.
- Globalization. The trend in which buying and selling in markets have increasingly crossed national borders.
- Exports. Goods and services that are produced domestically and sold in another country.
- Imports. Goods and services produced abroad and sold domestically.
- Microeconomics. The branch of economics that focuses on actions of particular actors within the economy, like households, workers, and business firms.
- Macroeconomics. The branch of economics that focuses on the economy as a whole, including issues like growth, unemployment, inflation, and the balance of trade.
- Circular flow diagram. A diagram that illustrates the economy as consisting of households and firms interacting in a goods and services market, a labor market, and a financial capital market.
- Goods and services market. A market in which firms are sellers of what they produce and households are buyers.
- Labor market. The market in which households sell their labor as workers to businesses or other employers.
- Financial capital market. The market in which those who save money provide financial capital and receive a rate of return from those who wish to raise money and pay a rate of return.
