Wiki engine

Any wiki engine (hereinafter, the Engine) is software that is designed to support creation, collaborative editing, storage, and usage of hyper-linked documents. The editing usually occurs through a web browser. The Engine that is ready to be installed is called wiki software; the Engine that is installed, usually on one or more application servers, is called a wiki application.

Usage

Collaboration tool

Main wikipage: Document collaboration

Theoretically, any collaborative development of documents can occur in four ways:

#	Collaborative document development	Tools	Advantages	Disadvantages
1	Exchange of ideas and compiling a unified document	Forums, brainstorming sessions, interpersonal communications such as emails	Tools are commonly known and can be used by pretty much anyone	Compiling a unified document can be very challenging; usually, it needs to be collaborated beyond its ideas exchange
2	Exchange of documents under development	Systems to pass documents physically or as email attachments		If more than two collaborate, identifying the last revisions can be challenging.
3	Collaborative work on the same document without tracking of its revisions.	Web-based office suites such as Google Docs; workflow applications	Although minimal skills are required to utilize the tools, usually, everyone can obtain those skills	The main drawback arises if the history of revisions is needed
4	Collaborative work on the same document with tracking of its revisions.	The Engines	Under some circumstances, too much information can be difficult to handle	The tools require skills beyond minimal

Version control

The most of the Engines include some version control system.

Areas of applications

Essentially, all the Engines can fall into one or more categories:

• Publicly-open wikis such as MediaWiki, which are fully visible to any user of the WWW and feature potentially large communities of readers and editors.
• Enterprise wikis, which feature either:
  1. Fully-private documents for data management utilized by organizations or private teams. Confluence and the wiki component of Redmine belong to this type of the Engines.
  2. Some combination of private and publicly-open documents such as Liferay or Tiki Wiki CMS Groupware. Often, private documents are used to develop publicly-open ones.
• Personal wikis such as PmWiki and TiddlyWiki, which are designed to be used by a single person to manage notes and usually be run on a personal device such as a desktop computer or mobile phone.

Publicly-open wikis

Features of open wikis

Public wikis are wikis that can be read by anyone; usually, though not always, the contents can be edited by anyone as well, though sometimes registration is required. Among public wikis, MediaWiki is the dominant software: it powers the world's most popular (as per August, 2015) public wiki,[2] Wikipedia (free), as well as the most popular wiki farm, Wikia (commercial), and it is the most popular software in use on other public wikis as well.[3] Other wiki engines used regularly for public wikis include MoinMoin and PmWiki, along with many others.[3]

Other Internet websites, based on wiki software, include encyclopedies such as Sensei's Library and WikiTree.

Enterprise wikis

Features of enterprise wikis

Enterprise wiki software is software intended to be used in a corporate (or organizational) context,[4] especially to enhance internal knowledge sharing. It tends to have a greater emphasis on features like access control, integration with other software, and document management. Most proprietary wiki applications specifically market themselves as enterprise solutions, including Confluence, Socialtext, Jive, Traction TeamPage, and Nuclino. In addition, some open source wiki applications also describe themselves as enterprise solutions, including XWiki, Foswiki[5] and TWiki.[6] Some open-source wiki applications, though they do not specifically bill themselves as enterprise solutions, have marketing materials geared for enterprise users, like Tiki Wiki CMS Groupware[7] and MediaWiki.[8] Many other wiki applications have also been used within enterprises.

Among the many companies and government organizations that use wikis internally are Adobe Systems, Amazon.com, Intel, Microsoft, and the United States intelligence community.

Within organizations, wikis may either add to or replace centrally managed content management systems. Their decentralized nature allows them, in principle, to disseminate needed information across an organization more rapidly and more cheaply than a centrally controlled knowledge repository. Wikis can also be used for document management, project management, customer relationship management, enterprise resource planning, and many other kinds of data management.

Features of wikis which can serve an enterprise include:

   Entering information into quick and easy-to-create pages, including hyperlinks to other corporate information systems like people directories, CMS, applications, and thus to facilitate the buildup of useful knowledge bases.
   Reduces e-mail overload. Wikis allow all relevant information to be shared by people working on a given project. Conversely, only the wiki users interested in a given project need look at its associated wiki pages, in contrast to high-traffic mailing lists which may burden subscribers with many messages, regardless of their relevance. It is also very useful for the project manager to have all the communication stored in one place, which allows them to link the responsibility for every action taken to a particular team member.
   Organizes information. Wikis help users structure information into discoverable and searchable categories. These may arise from users in a bottom-up way. Users can create lists, tables, timelines and other ways of expressing order.
   Builds consensus. Wikis allow structuring the expression of views, on a topic being considered by authors, on the same page. This feature is very useful when writing documentation, preparing presentations, when author opinions differ, and so on.
   Access levels by rights and roles. Users can be denied access to view and/or edit given pages, depending upon their department or role within the organization.
   Knowledge management with comprehensive searches. This includes document management, project management, and knowledge repositories useful during times of employee turnover or retirement.