Ergonomics

Ergonomics is a set of human factors that, although may be originated from outside an individual, (a) depend on none, but this individual, and (b) impact this individual's work performance. Although groups and/or organizations may try to influence the Ergonomics, they are not under their direct control.

Definitions

According to the FAA AC 120-72,

Ergonomics. The scientific discipline of studying interactions between humans and non-human systems, including human-computer interaction (HCI), in order to adapt work or working conditions to enhance performance of the worker. Ergonomics can be considered as a part of human factors, which studies influence of human features on interactions with both non-human systems and human beings. When applied to design, the study of ergonomics seeks to optimize both human well-being and system performance.

Interactions

The Ergonomics may impact four types of interactions:

1. People-and-people collaboration.
2. People-and-machines exchange.
3. People-and-procedures reaction.
4. People-and-environment cooperation.

(1)Understanding the maintenance operation as a system. An understanding of the systemic nature of the maintenance operation is vital to understanding how one’sindividual actions affect the whole organization. A person who understands the bigpicture is more apt to think things through before acting. Identifying and understanding basic Human Factors issues. BasicHuman Factors concepts are also taught in the course of MRM training. These conceptstypically include human perception and cognition, workplace and task design, groupbehavior (norms), and ergonomics. However, this list is far from exhaustive and theconcepts taught should be tailored to meet the needs of each particular audience.(3)Recognizing contributing causes to human errors. A basic primer onhuman error is a key component to MRM training. By understanding the interactionbetween organizational, work group, and individual factors that may lead to errors andaccidents, maintenance personnel can learn to prevent or manage them proactively in thefuture. Reason’s model provides a good foundation for human error theory; however,many other models of human error exist, such as the “Dirty Dozen” scenarios. These canalso be adapted for use in MRM training.